Chongani mavesi vs Mavavu a pachipata: omwe ali olondola pakufunsira kwanu?

Mavuvundizofunikira magawo mu makina ogwiritsira ntchito madzi, zomwe zimathandizira kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera kwamadzi otuluka. Awiri mwa mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ya mafakitale m'mafakitale, ogwiritsa ntchito amalonda ndi omwe alipachipatandiChongani valavu. Ngakhale onse akutumikira maudindo ofunika pamadzimadzi, mapangidwe awo, ntchito zawo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zimasiyana kwambiri. Kuzindikira kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya mavu ndikofunikira posankha valavu yoyenera ya dongosolo linalake.
Bukuli lomweli lidzaona kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma valve a pachipata ndikuwona mavesi, mfundo zawo, zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kukonza.

1. Tanthauzo ndi Cholinga
Pachipata
Valavu ya chipata ndi mtundu wa valavu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chipata chosalala kapena chotupa (disc) kuti muchepetse kuyenda kwamadzi kudutsa pa mapaidzi. Kusuntha kwa chipata, komwe kumangoyenda, kumalola kutsekedwa kwathunthu kapena kutsegulira kwathunthu. Ma valve a pachipata amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati duwa lathunthu, osasunthika kapena otsekeka kwathunthu. Ndiwo yabwino kuwongolera / kuwongolera koma sioyenera kugwedezeka kapena kuwongolera.

Chongani valavu
Valani valavu, mbali inayo, ndi valavu yopanda tanthauzo (NRV) yopangidwa kuti ilore madzi oyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupewa kubwezeretsa, komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zida kapena kusintha njira. Chongani mavungu amagwira ntchito zokha ndipo safuna kulowerera kwa buku. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pamakina omwe amatuluka omwe amatha kuyambitsa kuipitsidwa, kuwonongeka kwa zida, kapena njira zosasokoneza.

2. Mfundo yogwira ntchito
Chipata chipata chogwira ntchito
Mfundo ya ntchito ya pachipata ndi yosavuta. Chipinda chogwirizira kapena wochita zikatembenukidwe, chipatacho chimasunthira kapena pansi pa stem. Chipata chikachotsedwa kwathunthu, chimapereka njira yopanda tanthauzo losasinthika, chifukwa choponderezedwa pang'ono. Chipata chatsitsidwa, chimatsekemera.
Mavesi pachipata sawongolera mitengo yabwino, chifukwa kutseguka pang'ono kumatha kuchitika pakugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka, kumayambitsa kuvala ndi misozi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pantchito zomwe zimafunikira kuyamba / kuyimitsa ntchito m'malo mongoyendetsa madzi.

Onani mfundo yogwira ntchito
Vesi la cheke limagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamadzimadzi. Mafuta akamayenda motsogozedwa, imasunthira disc, mpira, kapena kuwonekera (kutengera kapangidwe kake) ku malo otseguka. Pamene kutuluka kwatuluka kapena kuyesa kusintha, valavu imatsekera zokha chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka, zobisika, kapena kachitidwe ka masika.
Kuchita masewerawa kumalepheretsa kubwezeretsanso, komwe kumakhala kofunikira makamaka machitidwe ndi mapampu kapena compressors. Popeza palibe kuwongolera kwakunja komwe kumafunikira, mawonekedwe a cheke nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati "mavavu opambana".

3. Kupanga ndi kapangidwe kake
Kapangidwe ka pachipata
Zigawo zazikuluzikulu za chipata cha pachipata zimaphatikizapo:

• Thupi: Kutuluka chakunja komwe kumapangitsa zonse zamkati.
• Bonnet: chivundikiro chochotseka chomwe chimalola mwayi wofikira mbali zamkati za valavu.
• Stem: Ndodo yopindika yomwe imasuntha pachipata.
• Chipata (disc): Chigawo chowoneka bwino kapena chowoneka bwino chomwe chimalepheretsa kapena chimapereka.
• Mpando: Pamtunda pomwe chipata chapumira chikatsekedwa, ndikuonetsetsa chidindo cholimba.

Mavavu a pachipata amatha kulembedwa mu tsinde la tsinde komanso losazungulira. Nyama yokwera ya tsinde imapereka zizindikiro zowoneka ngati valavu imatseguka kapena yatsekedwa, pomwe osapanga tsinde limakonda malo opyapyala.

Chongani mapangidwe a Varve
Mavavu amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi kapangidwe kake:

• Swing Check Valve: Amagwiritsa ntchito disc kapena chivundikiro chomwe chimasinthira pa Hinge. Imatsegulidwa ndikutseka kutengera njira yamadzi otuluka.
• Valani Valani Valve: Disc imasunthira pansi ndikuyenda molunjika, yotsogozedwa ndi positi. Madzi akamayenda molondola, chipikacho chimachotsedwa, ndipo potuluka pomwe, ma disc amatsikira kuti asindikize valavu.
• Valave a mpira: Amagwiritsa ntchito mpira kuti uletse njira yotuluka. Mpira umapita patsogolo kuti ulole madzi oyenda ndi kumbuyo kuti aletse zotuluka.
• Piston Check Valve: Zofanana ndi valavu yokweza koma ndi pisitoni m'malo mwa disc, ndikupereka chisindikizo chambiri.
• Mapangidwe a valavu yofufuma imatengera zofunikira za dongosolo, monga mtundu wamadzi, kuwotcha, ndi kukakamizidwa.

5. Ntchito
Mapulogalamu a Chipata

• Makina amadzi: Ankakonda kuyamba kapena kusiya kuyenda m'matumbo.
• Mafuta a Mafuta ndi Mapasi: Kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudzipatula kwa mizere.
• Machitidwe othirira: Sinthani madzi oyenda muulimi.
• Zomera: Kugwiritsa ntchito makina kumanyamula nthunzi, gasi, ndi madzi ena otentha kwambiri.

Onani mapulogalamu

• Makina a Mis: Pewani kubwezeretsa pomwe pampuyo yazimitsidwa.
• Zomera zamadzi zamadzi: Pewani kuipitsidwa ndi kubweza.
• Zomera Zopangira Mankhwala: Pewani kusakaniza kwa mankhwala chifukwa chobwerera.
• Makina a Hvac: Pewani kudzipatula kwa madzi otentha kapena ozizira pakutentha ndi makina ozizira.

Mapeto

OnseMavesi pachipatandiChongani MavalveSewerani maudindo ofunikira m'magulu ammadzi koma ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Apachipatandi valavu yoyipitsa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira kapena kuyimitsa madzimadzi, pomwe aChongani valavundi valavu yosavomerezeka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kubwezeretsa. Ma Valve a pachipata ali pa zamasiku kapena ovomerezeka, pomwe mavuni amayendetsa okha popanda kuchitapo kanthu.

Kusankha valavu yolondola kumadalira zofunikira za dongosolo. Zofunsira zomwe zimafuna kupewa kubwezeretsa, gwiritsani ntchito valavu ya cheke. Pazogwiritsa ntchito kumene kuwongolera kwamadzi ndikofunikira, gwiritsani ntchito valavu ya pachipata. Kusankha koyenera, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza mavuvuwa kuonetsetsa kuti kuchita bwino kumachitika, kudalirika, ndi moyo wautali.