Poyerekeza chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chitsulo cha ductile, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti ngakhale zonsezi ndi mitundu ya chitsulo chosungunula, zimakhala ndi zosiyana ndipo zimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana. Nachi kufananitsa mwatsatanetsatane:
1. Mapangidwe Azinthu ndi Mapangidwe
Malleable Cast Iron:
Zolemba:Chitsulo chosungunukaamapangidwa ndi kutentha-kutentha zitsulo zoyera, zomwe zimakhala ndi carbon mu mawonekedwe a iron carbide (Fe3C). Chithandizo cha kutentha, chomwe chimadziwika kuti annealing, chimaphwanya carbide yachitsulo, kulola kaboni kupanga graphite mu mawonekedwe a nodular kapena rosette.
Kapangidwe: Kapangidwe ka annealing kumasintha mawonekedwe achitsulo achitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono ta graphite. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale ndi ductility komanso zolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chachikhalidwe.
Iron ductile:
Mapangidwe: Chitsulo chachitsulo, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chitsulo cha nodular kapena spheroidal graphite, chimapangidwa powonjezera zinthu monga magnesium kapena cerium ku chitsulo chosungunuka musanaponye. Zinthuzi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta graphite.
Kapangidwe kake: Chozungulira cha graphite mu chitsulo cha ductile chimapangitsa kuti ductility ndi kusasunthike, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yamphamvu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosungunuka.
2. Katundu Wamakina
Malleable Cast Iron:
Mphamvu Yamphamvu: Chitsulo chosasunthika chimakhala ndi mphamvu zokhazikika, kuyambira 350 mpaka 450 MPa (megapascals).
Ductility: Ili ndi ductility yololera, yomwe imalola kuti ipindike kapena kupunduka ikapanikizika popanda kusweka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwa mapulogalamu omwe kusinthasintha kwina kumafunika.
Impact Resistance: Ngakhale ndi yolimba kuposa chitsulo chachikhalidwe, chitsulo chosungunula chosasunthika sichigwira ntchito poyerekeza ndi chitsulo cha ductile.
Iron ductile:
Kulimbitsa Mphamvu: Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 400 mpaka 800 MPa, malingana ndi kalasi ndi kutentha.
Ductility: Ndi ductile kwambiri, yokhala ndi elongation peresenti pakati pa 10% ndi 20%, kutanthauza kuti imatha kutambasula kwambiri isanaphwanyike.
Impact Resistance: Ductile iron imadziwika chifukwa cha kukana kwake kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amatha kutsitsa kapena kupsinjika kwambiri.
3. Mapulogalamu
Malleable Cast Iron:
Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito Kawiri: Chitsulo chosungunuka chimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzojambula zing'onozing'ono, zovuta kwambiri monga zopangira mapaipi, mabulaketi, ndi hardware komwe kumafunikira mphamvu zapakati ndi kusinthasintha kwina.
Malo Odziwika: Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi, mapaipi a gasi, komanso ntchito zopepuka zamafakitale. Kuthekera kwa zinthuzo kuyamwa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuyikapo yomwe imaphatikizapo kusuntha kwamakina kapena kukulitsa matenthedwe.
Iron ductile:
Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito Kamodzi: Chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso kulimba kwake, chitsulo cha ductile chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo akuluakulu komanso ovuta kwambiri monga zida zamagalimoto (monga ma crankshafts, magiya), mapaipi olemetsa, ndi zida zamakina pomanga.
Malo Odziwika: Chitsulo chachitsulo ndi chabwino kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapaipi oponderezedwa kwambiri, madzi ndi zimbudzi, komanso nthawi zomwe zigawo zake zimakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zamakina kapena kuvala.
Mapeto
Chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile sizofanana. Ndi mitundu yosiyana ya zitsulo zotayidwa ndi katundu ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Chitsulo chosungunula ndi choyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito movutikira kwambiri komwe kukwera mtengo komanso mawotchi ocheperako ndi okwanira.
Mosiyana ndi izi, chitsulo cha ductile chimasankhidwa m'malo ovuta kwambiri komwe kumafunikira mphamvu, ductility, ndi kukana kukhudzidwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-24-2024